National Libraries

• The European Library
  formerly Gabriel, Gateway to Europe's National Libraries.
  
  The European Library offers free access to the combined resources of the national libraries of Europe. You can search cross-library or make a specific selection. There is a wealth of information about each collection and its services at this site. The site provides a list of links to the online services of each library, the information pages of the national libraries, exhibitions and many other options.

General

• LIBCAT: Libraries outside the United States
  Select a country from the pulldown menu. Good listings for individual libraries but generally ignores the various union catalogs.
  
  
• Repositories of Primary Sources
  List of archives.
  
  
• Karlrsruher virtueller Katalog
  Meta-search that allows simultaneous search of most national catalogs.

Union Catalogs and Groupings

Austria

• Österreichischer Bibliothekenverbund: Gesamtkatalog
  Union catalog for most larger Austrian libraries
• Austrian libraries
• See also the Library Catalogs page of the WESS German Studies Web

Belgium

• BOLD: Belgian Online Libraries Directory
• See also the WESS French Studies Web and the WESS Dutch Studies Web.

Denmark

• DanBib Search - Union catalog for Danish libraries
• Nordic Libraries - list of home pages
• See also the Library and Information Services page of the WESS Scandinavian Studies Web.

France

• Bibliothèque nationale de France
• See also the Universities, Libraries and Archives page of the WESS French Studies Web.

Germany

• Karlsruher Virtueller Katalog. A superb resource. Germany has several regional union catalogs. The KVK allows a simultaneous search of any combination of them, as well as of several other important library catalogs.
• Deutsche Bibliotheken Online
  German library catalogs on the Internet (by city).
• See also the Library Catalogs page of the WESS German Studies Web

Iceland

• Nordic Libraries - list of home pages
• See also the Library and Information Services page of the WESS Scandinavian Studies Web.

Ireland

• Research library catalogs in Ireland (IRIS)
  "In addition to searching library catalogues individually on the web, researchers can now use the IRIS OPAC to execute a search across multiple catalogues."
• Library Catalogs in Britain and Ireland

Italy

• Indice SBN - Italian union catalog
• Italian Periodicals Catalogue (ACNP)
• AIB. Italian Library Catalogs
• See also the WESS Italian Studies Web

Luxemburg

• Online catalog of the Bibliothèque nationale de Luxembourg

Netherlands

• Dutch libraries - NL-menu
• See also the WESS Dutch Studies Web.

Norway

• BIBSYS - Union catalog
• See also the Library and Information Services page of the WESS Scandinavian Studies Web.

Portugal

• PORBASE, the national union catalog
  See alsoWESS Iberian Studies Web

Scandinavia

• Nordic Libraries - list of home pages
• See also the Library and Information Services page of the WESS Scandinavian Studies Web.

Spain

• University and other scholarly libraries - from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
• Bibliographical Heritage Union Catalogue (Catálogo Colectivo del Patrimonio Bibliográfico)
• See also the WESS Iberian Studies Web

Sweden

• Libris - Union catalog
• WWW pages for Swedish libraries
• Nordic Libraries - list of home pages
• See also the Library and Information Services page of the WESS Scandinavian Studies Web.

Switzerland

• Libraries list from SWITCH Lists union catalogs for various areas and also individual libraries.
• University libraries
• NEBIS -- union catalog
• See also the Library Catalogs page of the WESS German Studies Web

United Kingdom

• COPAC - Union catalog of university and other research libraries
• Library Catalogs in Britain and Ireland